In an exciting step forward for sustainable construction and biofabrication, a team of scientists has developed a new material called mycocrete. Their system uses a method to create environmentally friendly building materials using knitted molds and the intricate root network of fungi.
This breakthrough, made by researchers at Newcastle University, could significantly reduce the environmental impact of the construction industry. It will also introduce an entirely new aesthetic to architectural spaces.
Previously, scientists have attempted to exploit fungi’s natural structure-forming ability but have faced challenges due to the shape and growth constraints of the organic material. The lack of versatility limited the applicability of these composites in diverse construction scenarios.
However, the research team has now addressed these limitations by using knitted molds as a flexible framework. This approach led to the creation of mycocrete, which is a stronger, more adaptable composite.
The flexibility of the molds allows mycocrete to take diverse forms. This makes it an attractive, lightweight, and eco-friendly option for construction materials. The Living Textiles Research Group carried out this innovative research. It is part of the Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment at Newcastle University.
In the process of creating mycocrete, the scientists mixed mycelium spores – part of the root network of fungi – with grains. The team uses the grains as a food source and a substrate for growth.
Researchers then pack this mixture into a mold and place it in a dark, humid, and warm environment to promote mycelium growth. The mycelium binds the substrate together tightly. Once the composite reaches a specific density, researchers dry it out. This entire process is sustainable and could serve as a potential replacement for foam, timber, and plastic.
One hurdle in using mycelium composites in construction is that mycelium requires oxygen for growth. This requirement has traditionally limited the size and shape of rigid molds.
To tackle this, the team used knitted textiles as oxygen-permeable molds. These molds can transition from flexible to stiff as the mycelium grows, offering a unique solution.
